Hair loss

What is Hair Loss?

Hair loss, also known as alopecia, can manifest in various forms depending on the underlying cause. It may be gradual or sudden, temporary or permanent. Common types include androgenetic alopecia (male and female pattern baldness), telogen effluvium (temporary shedding triggered by stress, illness, or medication), and alopecia areata (an autoimmune condition leading to patchy hair loss).

Symptoms of Hair Loss

The symptoms of hair loss vary depending on its type. General signs include excessive shedding of hair, thinning of hair across the scalp, and noticeable patches of baldness. Individuals may also experience increased hair loss when brushing or washing their hair. For those with androgenetic alopecia, a receding hairline or thinning crown is common. Telogen effluvium typically presents as diffuse thinning of the hair. Alopecia areata often results in round patches of hair loss, which may be accompanied by a burning or tingling sensation.

Diagnosing Hair Loss

Diagnosis involves evaluating the patient's medical history and symptoms. A healthcare provider may perform a physical examination of the scalp and hair. In some cases, blood tests or a scalp biopsy may be necessary to identify the underlying cause.

Treatment Options

Treatment for hair loss depends on its type and severity. For androgenetic alopecia, treatments may include medications such as minoxidil, which is applied topically to stimulate hair growth, and finasteride, which is taken orally to prevent further hair loss. Telogen effluvium often resolves on its own once the triggering factor is addressed, but maintaining a balanced diet and managing stress can support recovery. In cases of alopecia areata, corticosteroid injections or topical treatments may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and promote hair regrowth. Hair restoration techniques, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, involve injecting growth factors derived from the patient’s own blood into the scalp to encourage hair growth. For advanced cases, hair transplant surgery may be an option.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if you experience sudden or excessive hair loss, or if hair loss is accompanied by other symptoms such as itching, redness, or pain. It is also important to seek medical advice if hair loss persists despite over-the-counter treatments or if it significantly impacts your quality of life.