Refraction defects of the eye (diopter)
About
Refractive errors, also known as diopters, are vision problems caused by irregularities in the shape of the eye that affect the way light is focused onto the retina. The main types of refractive errors include:
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Myopia (Nearsightedness): Individuals with myopia can see nearby objects clearly, but distant objects appear blurry.
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Hyperopia (Farsightedness): People with hyperopia can see distant objects more clearly than near objects, often experiencing difficulty focusing on close-up tasks.
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Astigmatism: Astigmatism occurs when the cornea or lens has an irregular shape, causing distorted or blurred vision at all distances.
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Presbyopia: This is an age-related condition in which the eye gradually loses its ability to focus on close objects, typically occurring around middle age.
Candidate
Candidates for treatment of refractive errors are individuals who experience significant visual impairment due to myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, or presbyopia. Before undergoing treatment, candidates typically undergo a comprehensive eye examination to assess the extent of their refractive error and overall eye health.
Preparation
Preparation for treatment may involve discontinuing the use of contact lenses for a certain period before the procedure to allow the cornea to stabilize. Patients should discuss any pre-operative instructions provided by their eye care professional, which may include refraining from eating or drinking prior to the procedure.
Treatment
Treatment options for refractive errors include corrective lenses (glasses or contact lenses) and various surgical procedures such as LASIK, PRK, phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs), and refractive lens exchange (RLE). The choice of treatment depends on factors such as the type and severity of the refractive error, corneal thickness, and overall eye health.
Result
The results of treatment for refractive errors can vary depending on the chosen method and individual factors. Many patients experience significant improvement in vision, often achieving clear vision without the need for glasses or contact lenses.
Precautions
Patients should follow post-operative instructions provided by their eye care professional, which may include using prescribed eye drops, avoiding rubbing the eyes, and attending follow-up appointments to monitor progress and address any concerns. It's essential to discuss potential risks and complications associated with treatment with your eye care professional before undergoing any procedure for refractive error correction.
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